Neuro-affirming language and performative neurodiversity
For years, autism has been defined through a deficit-based lens, with the DSM labelling it as ‘autism spectrum *disorder*’. This comes from the medical model of disability, which focuses on what’s “wrong” or needs to be “fixed.” We're moving away from this perspective and the term "disorder" because autism isn’t an illness or a flaw - it’s simply a different neurotype.
There are no “ideal” or “normal” types of brains. All brains are important, and autism is a natural and valued difference. This does not deny disability or the need for support. Difficulties arise when individuals of minority neurotypes try to navigate a world not tailored to our needs.
Using neuroaffirming language, such as identity-first language (i.e., “autistic” rather than “has autism”), emphasises that being autistic is an integral part of our identity, not something to be separated or cured. It helps shift the narrative away from deficit-based thinking.
Instead of: Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD Try: Autism, autistic, autistic neurotype
Instead of: Problems or deficits Try: Differences
Instead of: Symptoms Try: Traits or differences
Instead of: Requiring intervention or treatment Try: Requiring support or accommodations
This shift empowers advocacy. When autistic people are spoken about in affirming ways, it helps build a sense of belonging. It also strengthens our ability to advocate for ourself, highlighting our needs and experiences without framing them as “less than.”
However, be aware of performative neurodiversity or whitewashing.
It’s crucial to recognise “performative neurodiversity,” where organisations or individuals may appear to support autistic people but lack meaningful action or understanding. They may adopt the language without doing the deeper work or truly valuing neurodivergent voices.
Red flags for performative neurodiversity:
Reinforces neuronormative standards
Therapy focuses on treating/reducing symptoms
Frequent use of terms like "neurodiversity" or "inclusion" but fails to demonstrate real understanding
Not valuing lived experience
Uses terms incorrectly i.e. neurodiverse vs neurodivergent
True change comes from listening to and learning from people with lived experience i.e. autistic people. It’s not enough to adopt neuroaffirming language on the surface; it requires a deep shift. We need cultural humility and to be continually learning from autistic people and autistic culture.